Optical distance measurement system and distance measurement method thereof

ABSTRACT

There is provided an optical distance measurement system including an image sensor and a processing unit. The processing unit is configured to generate an image to be calculated according to at least one image captured by the image sensor, wherein different image regions of the image to be calculated correspond to different exposure times thereby improving the accuracy of the distance calculation.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/601,648, filed on Oct. 15, 2019, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/731,713, filed on Jun. 5, 2015, which is based on and claims priority to Taiwanese Application Number 103138317, filed on Nov. 4, 2014, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

BACKGROUND 1. Field of the Disclosure

This disclosure generally relates to a distance measurement system and, more particularly, to an optical distance measurement system and method utilizing multiplexing exposure mechanism.

2. Description of the Related Art

An optical distance measurement system may calculate an object distance using a triangulation method. For example, the optical distance measurement system includes a light source and a camera. The light source projects light to an object to be detected, and the camera receives reflected light from the object to be detected to generate an image frame. When a spatial relationship between the light source and the camera is already known, a distance of the object to be detected is obtainable using the triangulation method according to an object image position in the image frame.

However, when a plurality of objects at different distances is present in the space at the same time, an object at a near distance could cause over exposure whereas an object at a far distance could cause under exposure such that the calculation accuracy of the optical distance measurement system is degraded. Especially, when the object at a far distance is under exposure, it may not be able to calculate the object distance of the object at a far distance.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, the present disclosure further provides an optical distance measurement system and method that reserve information of both far and near objects in the image frame so as to improve the calculation accuracy.

The present disclosure provides an optical distance measurement system and method that utilize time-multiplexed exposure mechanism.

The present disclosure provides an optical distance measurement system and method that utilize spatial-multiplexed exposure mechanism.

The present disclosure provides an optical distance measurement system including an image sensor and a processing unit. The image sensor is configured to capture a first image with a first exposure time and capture a second image with a second exposure time, wherein the first exposure time is different from the second exposure time. The processing unit is configured to receive the first image and the second image, divide the first image into a plurality of first image regions, divide the second image into a plurality of second image regions, compare signal features of the first image regions and the second image regions at corresponding regions, combine the first image region having a larger signal feature than the corresponding second image region with the second image region having a larger signal feature than the corresponding first image region to form a combined image, and calculate at least one object distance according to the combined image.

The present disclosure further provides an optical distance measurement system including an image sensor and a processing unit. The image sensor is configured to capture a reference image with a reference exposure time and capture different image regions of a current image with a plurality of exposure times. The processing unit is configured to receive the reference image, divide the reference image into a plurality of image regions, respectively calculate an average brightness value of each of the plurality of image regions of the reference image, control the plurality of exposure times of the image sensor for capturing the different image regions of the current image, and calculate at least one object distance according to the current image.

The present disclosure further provides a distance measurement method of an optical distance measurement system including the steps of: capturing, by an image sensor, a first image with a first exposure time; capturing, by the image sensor, a second image with a second exposure time; dividing the first image into a plurality of first image regions and calculating a first signal feature of each of the first image regions; dividing the second image into a plurality of second image regions and calculating a second signal feature of each of the second image regions; comparing the first signal feature of each of the first image regions with the second signal feature of the corresponding second image region; combining the first image region having the first signal feature larger than the corresponding second signal feature with the second image region having the second image feature larger than the corresponding first signal feature to form a combined image; and calculating at least one object distance according to the combined image.

The present disclosure further provides a distance measurement method of an optical distance measurement system including the steps of: capturing, by an image sensor, a reference image with a reference exposure time; dividing the reference image into a plurality of image regions and calculating an average brightness value of each of the plurality of image regions; respectively capturing, by the image sensor, different image regions of a current image with a plurality of exposure times according to the average brightness values; and calculating at least one object distance according to the current image.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other objects, advantages, and novel features of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an optical distance measurement system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical distance measurement system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a distance measurement method of an optical distance measurement system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4A is a timing diagram of the image capturing of an optical distance measurement system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4B is an operational schematic diagram of an optical distance measurement system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a distance measurement method of an optical distance measurement system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6A is a timing diagram of the image capturing of an optical distance measurement system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6B is an operational schematic diagram of an optical distance measurement system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT

It should be noted that, wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

Referring to FIG. 1, it is a schematic block diagram of an optical distance measurement system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The optical distance measurement system 1 includes an image sensor 11 and a processing unit 13. The image sensor 11 is preferably an active image sensor, e.g. a CMOS image sensor, which may change an exposure time for capturing an image F or respectively capture different image regions of the image F with a plurality of exposure times (illustrated below).

The processing unit 13 is, for example, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller (MCU) or a central processing unit (CPU), and configured to receive images F outputted by the image sensor 11 to perform the post-processing and to control the image capturing of the image sensor 11. In one embodiment, the processing unit 13 includes an exposure control unit 131, a multiplexing module 133 and a distance calculation unit 135, wherein the exposure control unit 131, the multiplexing module 133 and the distance calculation unit 135 are data processors in the processing unit 13 and may be implemented by software or hardware without particular limitations. It is appreciated that although FIG. 1 shows that the processing unit 13 includes different operation modules for illustration purpose, it can be said that the functions executed by these operation modules in the processing unit 13 are executed by the processing unit 13.

The exposure control unit 131 is configured to control the image sensor 11 to capture all image regions of different images F with different exposure times (i.e. one image corresponding to one exposure time), or to capture different image regions of a same image F with a plurality of exposure times (i.e. one image corresponding to a plurality of exposure times). The multiplexing module 133 is configured to process the images F received by the processing unit 13 in a time multiplexed manner or a spatially multiplexed manner, and generate an image to be calculated Fm (e.g. the combined image or current image mentioned below). The distance calculation unit 135 is configured to calculate at least one object distance according to the image to be calculated Fm using a predetermined algorithm, e.g. calculating the object distance using the triangulation method.

Referring to FIG. 2, it is a schematic diagram of an optical distance measurement system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The optical distance measurement system 1 may further include a light source 15 configured to project a two-dimensional light section (e.g. an optical line with a predetermined width) onto an object 9, wherein the light source 15 is, for example, a coherent light source, a partially coherent light source or an incoherent light source without particular limitations. The light source 15 is configured to emit visible light or invisible light. The image sensor 11 receives reflective light from the object 9 and then generates an image F containing a reflective light image 19 to be sent to the processing unit 13. The processing unit 13 firstly uses the multiplexing mechanism (illustrated by examples below) of the present disclosure to generate an image to be calculated Fm according to the image F, and then calculates at least one object distance D according to the image to be calculated Fm, wherein the image to be calculated Fm also includes a reflective light image 19. More specifically speaking, at least a part of a plurality of exposure times corresponding to different image regions of the image to be calculated Fm are different from each other (illustrated by examples below) such that the brightness of the reflective light image 19 in each of the image regions is suitable to calculate the object distance D. In addition, in some embodiments the processing unit 13 outputs the image to be calculated Fm in a wired or wireless manner to an external device, e.g. an external host, to be post-processed. It should be mentioned that although FIG. 2 shows that the two-dimensional light section projected by the light source 15 is not a continuous section, but it is only intended to illustrate but not to limit the present disclosure.

In one embodiment, the processing unit 13 may include a storage unit (not shown) for storing a look-up table, which includes the relationship of positions of the reflective light image 19 versus object distances D. Accordingly, after the processing unit 13 obtains the position of the reflective light image 19 in the image to be calculated Fm, at least one object distance D is obtainable directly according to the look-up table, wherein the look-up table is calculated according to a spatial relationship (e.g. a distance L) between the light source 15 and the image sensor 11 and according to a projection angle of the light source 15, and the look-up table is previously stored in the storage unit. In another embodiment, the storage unit of the processing unit 13 stores a distance calculation algorithm, and after the position of the reflective light image 19 in the image to be calculated Fm is obtained, at least one object distance D is calculated according to the distance calculation algorithm.

In the embodiments of the present disclosure, as the light source 15 is configured to project a two-dimensional light section, the image F outputted by the image sensor 11 contains a linear reflective light image 19. The processing unit 13 is able to calculate a plurality of object distances at the same time (e.g. different objects corresponding to different parts of the reflective light image and at different positions) to have a better adaptability. Finally, the processing unit 13 outputs, e.g. to a host or a computer system, the calculated object distance D to perform corresponding controls, wherein the controllable function corresponding to the object distance D is determined according to different applications.

Referring to FIG. 3, it is a flow chart of a distance measurement method of an optical distance measurement system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes the steps of: capturing a first image with a first exposure time (Step S31); capturing a second image with a second exposure time (Step S32); dividing the first image into a plurality of first image regions and calculating a first signal feature of each of the first image regions (Step S33); dividing the second image into a plurality of second image regions and calculating a second signal feature of each of the second image regions (Step S34); comparing the first signal features with the second signal features (Step S35); and combining the first image region having the first signal feature larger than the corresponding second signal feature with the second image region having the second image feature larger than the corresponding first signal feature to form a combined image (Step S36).

Referring to FIGS. 1-3 and 4A-4B together, details of the first embodiment are illustrated hereinafter. The processing unit 13 controls the light source 15 to activate when the image sensor 11 is capturing an image F such that the image F captured by the image sensor 11 contains a reflective light image 19 from the object 9 to accordingly calculate an object image D of the object 9.

Step S31: The image sensor 11 is controlled by the exposure control unit 131 of the processing unit 13 to capture a first image F_(S) with a first exposure time ET_(S).

Step S32: Then, the image sensor 11 is controlled by the processing unit 13 to capture a second image F_(L) with a second exposure time ET_(L), wherein the first image F_(S) and the second image F_(L) are two images F successively or separated by at least one image captured by the image sensor 11, and the first exposure time ET_(S) is different from the second exposure time ET_(L). It should be mentioned that although FIG. 4A shows that the first exposure time ET_(S) is smaller than the second exposure time ET_(L), the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first exposure time ET_(S) is larger than the second exposure time ET_(L). In one embodiment, the exposure control unit 131 of the processing unit 13 controls the image sensor 11 to capture images alternatively with the first exposure time ET_(S) and the second exposure time ET_(L).

Step S33: After the processing unit 13 receives the first image F_(S), the multiplexing module 133 divides, in a predetermined manner, the first image F_(S) into a plurality of first image regions, e.g. A1 to A4 (referring to FIG. 4B), and calculates a first signal feature C1 to C4 of each of the first image regions A1 to A4 (referring to FIG. 4B), wherein each of the first image regions A1 to A4 is one pixel row, a plurality of pixel rows, one pixel column, a plurality of pixel columns or a rectangular pixel region of the first image F_(S), and is not limited to that shown in FIG. 4B. In one embodiment, the signal features C1 to C4 are signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of the first image regions A1 to A4, respectively. For example, the multiplexing module 133 separates signal data and noise data in each of the first image regions A1 to A4 according to a dynamic threshold, and calculates a ratio of an energy sum of all signal data and an energy sum of all noise data in each of the first image regions A1 to A4 to be configured as the SNR. In one embodiment, the dynamic threshold is selected as, for example, an average value obtained by dividing a maximum energy of one first image region by a sum of average energy of all first image regions, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Accordingly, one threshold is obtained for each of the first image regions A1 to A4. As the threshold for each of the first image regions A1 to A4 is calculated according to the captured image data, the thresholds may be different from each other and thus the thresholds are referred to dynamic thresholds in the present disclosure.

Step S34: Similarly, after the processing unit 13 receives the second image F_(L), the multiplexing module 133 divides, in the predetermined manner (identical to the Step S33), the second image F_(L) into a plurality of second image regions, e.g. A1′ to A4′ (referring to FIG. 4B), and calculates a second signal feature C1′ to C4′ of each of the second image regions A1′ to A4′ (referring to FIG. 4B), wherein each of the second image regions A1′ to A4′ is one pixel row, a plurality of pixel rows, one pixel column, a plurality of pixel columns or a rectangular pixel region of the second image F_(L), and is not limited to that shown in FIG. 4B. Similarly, the signal features C1′ to C4′ are signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of the second image regions A1′ to A4′, respectively. For example, the multiplexing module 133 separates signal data and noise data in each of the second image regions A1′ to A4′ according to a dynamic threshold, and calculates a ratio of an energy sum of all signal data and an energy sum of all noise data to be configured as the SNR. The method of determining the dynamic threshold is similar to that of Step S33 and thus details thereof are not repeated herein.

Step S35: Next, the multiplexing module 133 compares the first signal feature of each of the first image regions A1 to A4 with the second signal feature of the corresponding second image regions A1′ to A4′. For example, the multiplexing module 133 compares the first signal feature C1 of the first image region A1 with the second signal feature C1′ of the second image region A1′; compares the first signal feature C2 of the first image region A2 with the second signal feature C2′ of the second image region A2′; compares the first signal feature C3 of the first image region A3 with the second signal feature C3′ of the second image region A3′; and compares the first signal feature C4 of the first image region A4 with the second signal feature C4′ of the second image region A4′.

Step S36: Next, the multiplexing module 133 combines, in a time multiplexed manner, a part of image regions of the first image F_(S) with a part of image regions of the second image F_(L) to form a combined image Fm. In one embodiment, the multiplexing module 133 combines the first image region having the first signal feature larger than the corresponding second signal feature with the second image region having the second image feature larger than the corresponding first signal feature to form a combined image Fm. For example, it is assumed herein that the first signal features C1 and C4 are respectively larger than the second signal features C1′ and C4′, and this means that the first image regions A1 and A4 are more suitable to calculate a correct object distance than the second image regions A1′ and A4′. Meanwhile, it is assumed herein that the first signal features C2 and C3 are respectively smaller than the second signal features C2′ and C3′, and this means that the second image regions A2′ and A3′ are more suitable to calculate a correct object distance than the first image regions A2 and A3. Then, the multiplexing module 133 forms a combined image Fm which includes image regions A1, A2′, A3′ and A4 as shown in FIG. 4B.

It is appreciated that although FIG. 4B shows that a combined image Fm respectively includes a part of image regions of the first image F_(S) (e.g. A1 and A4) and a part of image regions of the second image F_(L) (e.g. A2′ and A3′), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. According to the image F actually captured by the image sensor 11, the combined image Fm may be identical to the first image F_(S) or the second image F_(L).

Finally, the distance calculation unit 135 of the processing unit 13 calculates at least one object distance D according to the combined image Fm. It should be mentioned that in this embodiment a number of said at least one object distance may be determined according to a number of pixel rows of the image F. For example, one object distance is obtained corresponding to each pixel row, or one object distance is obtained corresponding to a plurality of pixel rows (e.g. 2 to 5 pixel rows) depending on the identification resolution. The distance calculation unit 135 also identifies an object number according to the plurality of object distances being obtained, and merges the object distances associated with the same object to one object distance such that the distance calculation unit 135 finally outputs a number of the object distances D identical to a number of the objects to be detected.

In addition, although FIGS. 4A and 4B show that the processing unit 13 compares the signal features of different image regions between two images F and generates a combined image Fm, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the processing unit 13 may compare signal features of different image regions between more than two images F and generate a combined image. In this case, in the Step S36 each image region having a maximum signal feature in corresponded image regions of more than two images is selected to form the combined image Fm, and details in other Steps S31 to S35 are similar to the first embodiment and thus details thereof are not repeated herein. In other words, the multiplexing module 133 of this embodiment may divide each image F captured by the image sensor 11 into identical (e.g. identical position and size) image regions such that the combined image Fm can have a size identical to the image F.

In a word, in the above embodiment, the processing unit 13 combines different partial image regions of different image frames to form a combined image according to the image quality of the partial image regions so as to calculate at least one object distance according to the combined image, wherein shapes and sizes of the partial image regions do not have particular limitations. For example, the processing unit 13 may combine, according to the image quality (e.g. the signal feature), a part of image regions in the first image F_(S), e.g. a part of A1 to A4, with a part of image regions in the second image F_(L), e.g. a part of A1′ to A4′, to form a combined image Fm.

Referring to FIG. 5, it is a flow chart of a distance measurement method of an optical distance measurement system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes the steps of: capturing a reference image with a reference exposure time (Step S51); dividing the reference image into a plurality of image regions and calculating an average brightness value of each of the plurality of image regions (Step S52); and respectively capturing different image regions of a current image with a plurality of exposure times according to the average brightness values (Step S53).

Referring to FIGS. 1-2, 5 and 6A-6B, details of the second embodiment of the present disclosure are described hereinafter. Similarly, the processing unit 13 also controls the light source 15 to emit light when the image sensor 11 is capturing images F.

Step S51: The image sensor 11 is controlled by the exposure control unit 131 of the processing unit 13 to capture a reference image F_(T) with a reference exposure time ETr. In this embodiment, the reference image F_(T) is configured to identify a plurality of exposure times ET for capturing a current image (e.g. F_(T+1)), and is not used to calculate an object distance D.

Step S52: After the processing unit 13 receives the reference image Fr, the multiplexing module 133 calculates, in a spatially multiplexed manner, average brightness values of a plurality of image regions in the reference image F_(T) so as to determine a plurality of exposure times for capturing an image to be calculated Fm. For example, the multiplexing module 133 divides the reference image F_(T) into a plurality of image regions A1 to A4 (referring to FIG. 6B), and respectively calculates average brightness values AV1 to AV4 of the image regions A1 to A4 (referring to FIG. 6B), wherein each of the different image regions A1 to A4 is one pixel row, a plurality of pixel rows, one pixel column, a plurality of pixel columns or a rectangular pixel region of the current image F_(T+1), and is not limited to that shown in FIG. 6B.

Step S53: Finally, the exposure control unit 131 of the processing unit 13 controls the corresponding exposure times ET1 to ET4 (referring to FIGS. 6A to 6B) for capturing different image regions A1 to A4 of a current image F_(T+1) according to the average brightness values AV1 to AV4. In one embodiment, the multiplexing module 133 of the processing unit 13 determines the plurality of exposure times ET1 to ET4 according to a comparison result of comparing the average brightness values AV1 to AV4 of the image regions A1 to A4 of the reference image F_(T) with at least one threshold. For example, when identifying that the average brightness value AV1 is between two thresholds of a plurality of thresholds (or within one of a plurality of brightness intervals), the multiplexing module 133 directly determines, according to an exposure time (previously set and stored) corresponding to the two thresholds, the exposure time for capturing the image region A1 of the current image F_(T+1) as ET1. The exposure times ET2 to ET4 corresponding to other image regions A2 to A4 are determined in the same way. In this embodiment, the current image F_(T+1) is configured as the image to be calculated Fm.

Finally, the distance calculation unit 135 of the processing unit 13 calculates at least one object distance D according to the current image F_(T+1).

In another embodiment, the multiplexing module 133 adjusts one exposure time step every time such that not all of the exposure times ET1 to ET4 corresponding to the image regions A1 to A4 of the current image F_(T+1) are adjusted to target values according to one reference image F_(T). In this case, when one of the brightness values of different image regions A1 to A4 of the current image F_(T+1) is not within a predetermined brightness range, the exposure control unit 131 of the processing unit 13 may control a plurality of exposure times of the image sensor 11 for capturing different image regions A1′ to A4′ of a next image F_(T+2) (referring to FIG. 6A) according to the average brightness values of the different image regions A1 to A4 of the current image F_(T+1). When the multiplexing module 133 of the processing unit 13 identifies that all the brightness values of the image regions A1′ to A4′ of the next image F_(T+2) are within a predetermined brightness range to be suitable for calculating the object distance, the distance calculation unit 135 of the processing unit 13 then calculates at least one object distance D according to the next image F_(T+2). It is appreciated that the plurality of exposure times corresponding to the different image regions A1′ to A4′ of the next image F_(T+2) may be partially identical to or totally different from the plurality of exposure times corresponding to the different image regions A1 to A4 of the current image F_(T+1) depending on the average brightness values of the different image regions A1 to A4 of the current image F_(T+1). When one of the average brightness values of the different image regions A1′ to A4′ of the next image F_(T+2) is still not within a predetermined brightness range, the adjustment is continuously performed till average brightness values of all the image regions A1 to A4 are within the predetermined brightness range.

It should be mentioned that although in the Step S51 the image sensor 11 is illustrated by using one reference exposure time ETr as an example, the image sensor 11 may capture different image regions, e.g. image regions A1 to A4 shown in FIG. 6B, of the reference image F_(T) with a plurality of identical exposure times ETr.

It should be mentioned that although in the above second embodiment the reference image F_(T) is not used to calculate the object distance D, when average brightness values AV1 to AV4 of all the image regions A1 to A4 of the reference image F_(T) are within a predetermined brightness range, the distance calculation unit 135 may directly calculate the object distance D according to the reference image F_(T) without informing the exposure control unit 133 via the multiplexing module 133 to control the image sensor 11 to capture the current image F_(T+1) with different exposure times ET, wherein the predetermined brightness rage may be previously set and stored in a storage unit.

Similarly, a number of the at least one object distance D is determined, for example, according to a number of pixel rows of the image F and a number of objects 9 without particular limitations.

It should be mentioned that although FIG. 6A shows that every image region A1 to A4 corresponds to different exposure times ET1 to ET4, but it is only intended to illustrate but not to limit the present disclosure. According to the image content actually being captured, only a part of the plurality of exposure times ET1 to ET4 corresponding to the different image regions A1 to A4 of the current image F_(T+1) are different from each other.

In addition, in order to further eliminate the influence from ambient light, the processing unit 13 further controls the light source 15 to activate and deactivate corresponding to the image capturing of the image sensor 11, e.g. capturing a bright image corresponding to the activation of the light source 15 and capturing a dark image corresponding to the deactivation of the light source 15. The processing unit 13 further calculates a differential image between the bright image and the dark image to be configured as the first image F_(S) and the second image F_(L) of the first embodiment, or configured as the reference image F_(T), the current image F_(T+1) and the next image F_(T+2) of the second embodiment.

In the above embodiment, the multiplexing module 133 of the processing unit 13 is configured to divide the image F and calculate signal features, e.g. the SNR or average brightness value, of different image regions so as to determine whether to output an image to be calculated Fm to the distance calculation unit 135 for calculating at least one object distance D. In the first embodiment, the exposure control unit 131 controls the image sensor 11 to capture different images (e.g. F_(S) and F_(L)) with predetermined exposure times, and thus the exposure times that the exposure control unit 131 controls the image sensor 11 to capture different images F are fixed predetermined values (e.g. ET_(S) and ET_(L) in FIG. 4A). In the second embodiment, the multiplexing module 133 determines the exposure times corresponding to different image regions according to average brightness values of the different image regions and informs the exposure control unit 131, and thus the exposure times that the exposure control unit 131 controls the image sensor 11 to capture the different image regions may not be fixed predetermined values and are determined according to the actual calculation results (e.g. average brightness values).

As mentioned above, the conventional optical distance measurement system has the problem of unable to accurately measure objects at different positions. Especially an object at a far distance may not be measured. Therefore, the present disclosure further provides an optical distance measurement system (FIGS. 1 and 2) and an optical distance measurement method (FIGS. 3 and 5) that reserve image information of objects to be detected at different distances through time multiplexed manner or spatially multiplexed manner so as to improve the calculation accuracy.

Although the disclosure has been explained in relation to its preferred embodiment, it is not used to limit the disclosure. It is to be understood that many other possible modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as hereinafter claimed. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An optical distance measurement system comprising: an image sensor configured to capture a first image with a first exposure time and capture a second image with a second exposure time, wherein the first exposure time is different from the second exposure time; and a processing unit configured to receive the first image and the second image, divide the first image into a plurality of first image regions, divide the second image into a plurality of second image regions, compare signal features of the first image regions and the second image regions at corresponding regions, combine the first image region having a larger signal feature than the corresponding second image region with the second image region having a larger signal feature than the corresponding first image region to form a combined image, and calculate at least one object distance according to the combined image.
 2. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combined image contains at least one of the plurality of first image regions and at least one of the plurality of second image regions.
 3. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal feature is a signal-to-noise ratio.
 4. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the first image regions, different first dynamic thresholds are used to separate first signal information and first noise information in different first image regions for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio, and in the second image regions, different second dynamic thresholds are used to separate second signal information and second noise information in different second image regions for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio.
 5. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing unit is configured to control the image sensor to capture images alternatively with the first exposure time and the second exposure time.
 6. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the first image regions is one pixel row, a plurality of pixel rows, one pixel column, a plurality of pixel columns or a rectangular pixel region of the first image, and each of the second image regions is one pixel row, a plurality of pixel rows, one pixel column, a plurality of pixel columns or a rectangular pixel region of the second image.
 7. An optical distance measurement system comprising: an image sensor configured to capture a reference image with a reference exposure time and capture different image regions of a current image with a plurality of exposure times; and a processing unit configured to receive the reference image, divide the reference image into a plurality of image regions, respectively calculate an average brightness value of each of the plurality of image regions of the reference image, control the plurality of exposure times of the image sensor for capturing the different image regions of the current image, and calculate at least one object distance according to the current image.
 8. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 7, wherein each of the plurality of image regions covers a number of pixel columns identical to other image regions.
 9. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least a part of the plurality of exposure times for capturing the different image regions of the current image are different from each other.
 10. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the processing unit is further configured to control a plurality of exposure times of the image sensor for capturing different image regions of a next image according to the average brightness values of the different image regions of the current image when one of the average brightness values of the different image regions of the current image is not within a predetermined brightness range.
 11. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the processing unit is configured to determine the plurality of exposure times according to a comparison result of comparing the average brightness values of the plurality of image regions of the reference image with at least one threshold.
 12. The optical distance measurement system as claimed in claim 7, wherein each of the image regions is a rectangular pixel region.
 13. A distance measurement method of an optical distance measurement system, comprising: capturing, by an image sensor, a first image with a first exposure time; capturing, by the image sensor, a second image with a second exposure time; dividing the first image into a plurality of first image regions and calculating a first signal feature of each of the first image regions; dividing the second image into a plurality of second image regions and calculating a second signal feature of each of the second image regions; comparing the first signal feature of each of the first image regions with the second signal feature of the corresponding second image region; and combining the first image region having the first signal feature larger than the corresponding second signal feature with the second image region having the second image feature larger than the corresponding first signal feature to form a combined image; and calculating at least one object distance according to the combined image.
 14. The distance measurement method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the combined image contains at least one of the plurality of first image regions and at least one of the plurality of second image regions.
 15. The distance measurement method as claimed in claim 13, further comprising: determining a signal-to-noise ratio of each of the first image regions according to a threshold configured as the first signal feature; and determining a signal-to-noise ratio of each of the second image regions according to the threshold configured as the second signal feature.
 16. The distance measurement method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the thresholds corresponding to different first image regions and different second image regions are different from one another.
 17. The distance measurement method as claimed in claim 13, wherein each of the first image regions is one pixel row, a plurality of pixel rows, one pixel column, a plurality of pixel columns or a rectangular pixel region of the first image, and each of the second image regions is one pixel row, a plurality of pixel rows, one pixel column, a plurality of pixel columns or a rectangular pixel region of the second image.
 18. A distance measurement method of an optical distance measurement system, comprising: capturing, by an image sensor, a reference image with a reference exposure time; dividing the reference image into a plurality of image regions and calculating an average brightness value of each of the plurality of image regions; respectively capturing, by the image sensor, different image regions of a current image with a plurality of exposure times according to the average brightness values; and calculating at least one object distance according to the current image.
 19. The distance measurement method as claimed in claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of image regions covers a number of pixel columns identical to other image regions.
 20. The distance measurement method as claimed in claim 18, wherein at least a part of the plurality of exposure times for capturing the different image regions of the current image are different from each other. 